Knee Joint Replacement Surgery (Arthroplasty)

Knee Replacement

IF YOU CONSIDER THAT THE PAIN AND THE DISABILITY OF YOUR KNEE ARE SO IMPORTANT TO ALTER YOUR QUALITY OF LIFE, you may opt for a knee replacement surgery by orthopaedic in Malviya Nagar.

This is a surgery that consists basically of replacing some or all of the damaged parts of the knee with synthetic elements commonly called PROTESIS.

Knee replacement in Delhi is an operation with a high percentage of success, decreases pain and improves the mobility of the joint.

Consequently, the goal of this joint replacement in Delhi is to relieve the pain caused by this disease and improve joint function, however as any surgical procedure is not exempt from risks such as fever, infection, loosening, neurovascular problems, which will be explained with more detail by your knee team doctor.

In addition, medication will be indicated to reduce the risk of thrombosis.

Pre-surgical Exam.

For a correct clinical assessment prior to surgery, a series of complementary studies (electrocardiogram, blood and urine tests, etc.) will be carried out by orthopaedic in Uttam Nagar.

ONCE YOU ARE IN CLINICAL CONDITIONS FOR SURGERY YOU SHOULD VISIT YOUR DOCTOR'S KNEE TO CONFIRM THE DATE YOUR SURGERY.

Preparing the Surgery.

• Authorization of your prepaid or social work.
• Procedures to obtain the requested Prosthesis.
• Make a bed reservation.
• You must sign an informed consent.
• Post-operatory materials: walker, crutches, mediaantiembolica, etc.
• If you are taking any medication you should notify your doctor a few days before surgery.

Surgery

Remember that the day before the operation, after midnight (24 hours), you should not eat or drink anything. This includes water.

On the day of surgery, you must present yourself at the Orthopaedics admissions office, with the studies referring to surgery (analysis, electrocardiogram, x-rays, magnetic resonance, etc.) where you will be informed which room has been assigned and where you will wait for your surgical shift.

Later he will be transferred to the operating rooms of this hospital where he will be received by an anaesthesiologist, who will decide the type of anaesthesia to perform.

After this, he will go to the operating room where the surgical procedure will be carried out.

At the end of it will be transferred to the aesthetic recovery room.

From there, he will be taken according to the clinical history to a room or intermediate therapy or coronary unit, where his family is waiting for him.

Here begins a fundamental stage: post-operative and rehabilitation.

Postoperative

Generally, the post-operative stay is approximately five days, where it will be evaluated by the doctors of the knee team, the first cures of the surgical wound will be made, and it will be visited by physiotherapists of the hospital's rehabilitation service to teach it the care and exercises that you should perform.

Hospital discharge

At the time of hospital discharge you must have the orthopaedic elements requested by your doctor.

Then clinical controls will be performed, with wound healing.

YOU MUST URGENTLY CONTACT THE HOSPITAL GUARD WITH THE FOLLOWING SYMPTOMS:

• INTOLERANT PAIN in the operated limb that does not yield with rest, ice or anti-inflammatory medication.
• FEVER GREATER THAN 38º C
• SECRETION OF LIQUID AND / OR SOME TYPE OF MATERIAL BY THE WOUND
• EDEMA (HINCHAZON) IMPORTANT IN YOUR LEGS
• DIFFICULTY SUBITA TO BREATH, WITH IMPORTANT COURTS
• IMPORTANT PAIN IN THE CHEST

IF YOU PRESENT ANY OTHER SYMPTOM NOT DESCRIBED ABOVE, OR YOU HAVE ANY DOUBT ABOUT MEDICATION AND / OR SURGERY, DO NOT HESITATE TO CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR.

6 Symptoms of Osteoporosis

Symptoms of osteoporosis, such as bone pain or fractures, usually arise from 45 years of age, and are more common in women after menopause and in men after 65 years of age says orthopaedic in Delhi.

According to orthopaedic in green park, Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreased bone strength, increasing the risk of fractures, mainly in the vertebrae of the thigh bone and wrist, however, it can occur anywhere in the body.

In this way, some symptoms and signs of osteoporosis are: 

1. Pain in the bones and joints;
2. Bone fragility that increases the risk of fractures;
3. Frequent fractures, mainly in the vertebrae of the spine and femur;
4. Diminution of height 2 to 3 cms;
5. Back pain, caused by a fractured or distorted vertebra;
6. Stooping posture with drooping shoulders.

However, in order to diagnose the disease, it is necessary to perform a bone densitometry, which is a test to determine if the individual has bone loss.

Causes of Osteoporosis

According to orthopaedic in rk puram, the main cause of osteoporosis is the decrease in bone density that occurs during the natural aging process, and is more common in women after menopause. However, there are other causes such as: 

• Smoking and alcoholism;
• Frequent falls;
• Little physical activity;
• Low calcium diet;
• BMI <19 Kg / m2;
• Take medications such as corticosteroids.

Other diseases that can also cause osteoporosis are malnutrition, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, kidney failure and anorexia nervosa.

Treatment for Osteoporosis 

The treatment is done to avoid fractures and must be done throughout life, these are:

• Use medications prescribed by the doctor. 
• Take calcium-rich diets such as milk, cheese and yogurt daily. 
• Avoid the consumption of alcohol and caffeine;
• Avoid the cigarette;
• Practicing physical activities such as walking or dancing, at least 3 times a week;
• Ingest a calcium and vitamin D supplement daily, under the doctor's instructions.

In some cases, the orthopaedic in uttam nagar may indicate the use of hip protectors, since fractures in the hip and femur are common, accompanied by physiotherapy to strengthen the muscles and increase mobility. 

In addition to this, to avoid falls that can result in fractures due to the weakness of the bones, it is important to walk slowly, use closed shoes adapted to the foot and choose dirt or grass streets without gaps or unevenness. 

Risk factor's

Some risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing osteoporosis are:

• Gender, because women are more likely to develop osteoporosis, due to the lack of sex hormones that occurs after menopause weakening bones;
• Age, the older the age, the more risk there is to develop osteoporosis;
• The race, the risk of developing this disease is greater in white people or being Asian descent;
• Family history, individuals with family history of close relatives with osteoporosis increase the risk of suffering it;
• Thyroid problems, the increase of thyroid hormones can cause bone loss;
• Nutritional factors such as individuals with low calcium intake, eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, or gastrointestinal surgeries such as gastric bypass.

So, to prevent this disease is important to perform regular physical activity such as running, walking, cycling, 3 times a week for 60 minutes. You can also do resistance exercises like lifting weights, for example. It is also important to maintain a balanced diet including foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, the latter being important so that calcium can be absorbed efficiently in the intestine. Diminish smoking, limit alcohol consumption are also ways to prevent osteoporosis, always implementing healthy lifestyle habits says orthopaedic in malviya nagar.

Joint replacement surgery: What is it?

Joint replacement surgery is the surgical process in which a damaged biological joint is removed and a prosthesis is placed. This is expressed by orthopaedic in malviya nagar, orthopaedist specialist in joint replacement of knees and hips.

Orthopaedic in green park says that the most frequent joint replacement surgeries are those of the hip, where replacement is made for fracture and for clinical damage, and those on the knees, with replacement due to disease.

"Diseases such as osteoarthritis, which tends to wear both joints, are one of the main causes that lead to the need for this type of surgery, although others such as rheumatism, falcemia, the use of steroids or cortisone, asthma also influence it., kidney transplants, the deformations of childhood, the family tendency, automobile accidents and work, "says the orthopaedic in Delhi.

The specialist explains that an orthopaedic surgeon with sub-specialty in joint replacement is in charge of performing this surgery and adds that in the case of fractured people is an orthopaedic orthopaedist.

Who needs it?
Candidates for joint replacement surgery often have severe joint pain.
Three parameters that must be taken into account when performing a knee replacement: drastic pain that does not improve in any way with or without deformation, need a walker or walking stick and not have a good quality of life.

Effective surgery
Orthopaedist specialist in joint replacement in Delhi of knees and hips says that before it was believed that joint replacement surgery in Delhi were limited to seniors, 65 and older, but over time this has changed, because each year these are made to people who are younger and younger.

Benefits
Orthopaedic in Delhi explains that undergoing this type of surgery can help improve the movement and use of the joints, align the deformed and relieve pain.

Risks
Doctors agree that during and after the operation people may present a series of complications as in any other surgery: bleeding, infection, rejection of the material, pulmonary and venous thromboembolism, fat embolism, infarction, respiratory distress and, in the case of the prosthesis, fracture near it.

Avoid
A person of 45 years or more who has a prosthesis must have certain care, since having it changes his life. Apart from its multiple advantages it also requires a great responsibility.
For example, if the person has to do a lot of physical activity, if they live far away and in an inhospitable place, if they do not have a vehicle, walk a lot on foot or travel in motors, this person would not be the indicated one for a prosthesis, because it could fail , it would end up loosening and would cause the patient greater pain than the reason for the operation.

How to prepare before surgery?
Before undergoing a surgical procedure, it must be taken into account that the better you prepare, the more successful you can have surgery.

The specialists recommend:

• If you smoke, stop smoking before the process.
• Eat healthy.
• If you have health problems (diabetes, hypertension ...), keep them under control.
• Try to have an adequate weight.
• Limit the use of alcoholic beverages.
• Conduct previous studies with your doctors.

Vulnerable
Joint replacement surgeries are more practiced in women than in men. Of every five-people operated, four are women.

People with prostheses must have certain care, since having them changes their lives, in addition to their multiple advantages also requires a great responsibility.
This procedure has the purpose that people after having it improve their quality of life, that the pain disappears and that they have a good mobility.
This type of surgery can help improve the movement and use of the joints and relieve pain.

Hip Replacement

It is a surgery to replace all or part of the hip joint with an artificial joint. The artificial joint is called a prosthesis.

Description

The hip joint is made up of 2 main parts. One or both parts can be replaced during hip replacement surgery in Delhi:

·         The hip socket (a part of the pelvic bone called the acetabulum)

·         The upper end of the femur (called the femoral head)

The new hip that will replace the old hip is made up of the following parts:

·         A cup, often made of strong metal.

·         A liner, which fits inside the cup or acetabulum. It is almost always plastic. Some orthopaedic in Delhi are now rehearsing with other materials such as ceramics or metal. The lining allows the hip to move easily.

·         A metal or ceramic sphere that will replace the round head (top) of the femur.

·         A metal shank that fits into the femur to hold the joint.

You will not feel any pain during surgery. You will have one of two types of anaesthesia:

·         General anaesthesia. This means that you will be asleep and will not feel pain.

·         Regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural). The medicine is injected into the back to desensitize it from the waist down. You will also receive a medication to induce sleep. Likewise, you may receive a medication that will make you forget the procedure, although you will not be completely asleep.

After you receive the anaesthesia, the orthopaedic in South Delhi will make a surgical cut to open the hip joint. This incision is often made on the buttocks. Then, the surgeon:

·         It will cut and remove the head of the femur.

·         It will clean the acetabulum of the hip and remove the remaining cartilage and arthritic or damaged bone.

·         It will put the new acetabulum of the hip in place, a lining is put on the new acetabulum.

·         Insert the metal stem into the femur.

·         It will place the ball of correct size for the new joint.

·         It will secure all new parts in place, sometimes with a special cement.

·         It will repair the muscles and tendons around the new joint.

·         It will close the surgical incision.

This surgery takes approximately 1 to 3 hours.

Why the procedure is performed?

The most common reason to have this hip replacement in south Delhi is to relieve arthritis. Severe arthritis can limit your activities.

Most of the time, hip replacement is done in people 60 years of age and older. Many people who have had this surgery are younger. Young people who have had hip replacement may put additional stress on the artificial hip. That extra stress can cause it to wear out sooner than in older people. If this happens, all or part of the joint may have to be replaced again.

Your doctor may recommend a hip replacement surgery in south Delhi for these problems:

·         You cannot sleep a full night because of hip pain.

·         Your hip pain has not improved with other treatments.

·         Hip pain limits or prevents you from doing your normal activities, such as bathing, preparing meals, doing house activities and walking.

·         You have trouble walking that requires you to use a cane or walker.

Other reasons to hip replacement in Delhi are:

·         Fractures in the femur. Older people often have a hip replacement for this reason.

·         Tumours in the hip joint.

Before the procedure

Always tell your health care provider what medications you are taking before joint replacement surgery in Delhi, including medicines, supplements or herbs you bought without a prescription.

During the 2 weeks before your surgery:

·         Prepare your house.

·         You may be asked to stop taking medications that make it harder for your blood to clot. These include acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), blood thinners such as warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

·         You may have to stop taking medications that make you more likely to get infections. This includes methotrexate, Enbrel, and other medications that suppress your immune system.

·         Ask your provider what medications you should still take the day of your surgery.

·         If you have diabetes, heart disease or another medical condition, your surgeon will ask you to see the provider treating you for these conditions.

·         Tell your provider if you have been drinking too much alcohol, more than 1 or 2 drinks a day.

·         If you smoke, you need to stop. Ask your provider or nurse for help. Smoking will slow the wound and bone healing. It has been proven that smokers have negative results after surgery.

·         Always tell your provider about any cold, flu, fever, herpes outbreak or other illness you have before your surgery.

·         You may want to visit a physical therapist to learn how to do some exercises before surgery and practice using crutches or a walker.

·         Arrange your home to make daily tasks easier.

Practice using a cane, walker, crutches or wheelchair correctly:

·         Getting in and out of the shower

·         Going up and down stairs

·         Sitting on the toilet and standing after using it

·         Using the shower chair

On the day of your surgery:

·         They will usually ask you not to drink or eat anything for 6 to 12 hours before the procedure.

·         Take the medications your orthopaedic in Dwarka told you to take with a small sip of water.

Your provider will tell you when to get to the hospital for joint replacement in Delhi.

After the procedure

You will stay in the hospital for 1 to 3 days. During that time, you will recover from the anaesthesia and the surgery itself. You will be asked to start moving and walking as soon as the first day after surgery.

Some people need to stay briefly in a rehabilitation centre after they leave the hospital and before going home. In a rehabilitation centre, you will learn how to safely do your daily activities on your own. Home health services are also available.  

Expectations (prognosis)

The results of hip replacement surgery are often excellent. Most or all of the pain and stiffness should disappear.

Some people may have problems with infection, loosening and even dislocation of the new hip joint.

Over time, the artificial joint of the hip can be loosened. This can happen after more than 15 or 20 years. You may need a second replacement.

Young, more active people can spend parts of their new hip. It may have to be replaced before the artificial hip loosens.